OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between etiologically-based preterm birth sub-groups and early postnatal growth according to gestational age at birth. METHODS: Prospective, multinational, cohort study involving 15 hospitals that monitored preterm newborns to hospital discharge. Measures/exposures: maternal demographics; etiologically-based preterm birth sub-groups; very, moderate and late preterm categories, and feeding. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: serial anthropometric measures expressed as z-scores of the INTERGROWTH-21st preterm postnatal growth standards. RESULTS: We included 2320 singletons and 1180 twins: very=24.4% (nā=ā856, including 178ā